Cisplatin
Cisplatin is a drug against cancer, acts as a bifunctional alkylating agent. That is, it acts during the phase of cellular rest. Cisplatin is a platelet complex with two atoms in the cis position. This cis position causes the drug to be cytotoxic.
This drug is administered intravenously. However, cisplatin is an irritant agent, that is, it inflames the vein because it is being administered. So, there is a risk that it escapes from the vein, and therefore causes tissue damage. In addition, they must be managed before and / or after the cisplatin, additional liquids; in order to ensure hydration and protect kidney fun.
Cisplatin binds to DNA or RNA and forms intracatenary and interconnecting links. These unions, alter the conformation of the DNA, inhibit RNA-Polymerase, DNA-Polymerase and the translocation of the RNA. It also causes mitochondrial DNA damage, an ATP-synthetase and alters cellular transport.
In addition, it causes DNA not to be synthesized, because it alters S phase and causes G2 phase to be absent, meaning that proteins or RNA are not synthesized. Finally, it causes the apoptosis of the cell.
